# Wainwright Building: exterior view [View the canonical artwork record]() ## Artwork - Artist: [SULLIVAN, Louis Henry]() - Date: 1851-1900 - Technique: Photo ## Commentary Wainwright Building: exterior view 1890-91 Photo 709 Chestnut Street, St. Louis, Missouri The Wainwright Building in St. Louis is Sullivan's first steel-framed 'skyscraper'. Here he used the licence of Néo-Grec \(Neoclassical Revival style\) proportioning to treat the whole façade as a single order of attenuated piers with the bottom storeys forming a solid sandstone plinth and the top \(service\) storey an entablature. In an essay in 1896, Sullivan explained this articulation as the expression of interior function. The base contains the public commercial spaces, the entablature the mechanical plant and water tanks, and the intervening grill of piers and windows a honeycomb of offices 'all look\[ing\] alike because they all are alike'. The ornamentation for the building includes a wide frieze below the deep cornice, which expresses the formalized, yet naturalistic celery-leaf foliage typical of Sullivan, decorated spandrels between the windows on the different floors, and an elaborate door surround at the main entrance. The frieze is pierced by unobtrusive bull's-eye windows that light the top-story floor, originally containing water tanks and elevator machinery. The building includes embellishments of terracotta, a building material gaining popularity at the time of construction. ## Related artworks - [Auditorium Building: façade \(detail\)]() - [Auditorium Building: façade]() - [Auditorium Building: general view]() - [Carson, Pirie, Scott & Company Building: entrance]() - [Carson, Pirie, Scott & Company Building]() - [Carson, Pirie, Scott & Company Building]() - [Farmers and Merchants Union Bank]() - [Guaranty Building]() - [Harold C. Bradley House]() - [Home Building Association Bank]() - [Home Building Association Bank]() - [Home Building Association Bank]() ## Attribution [Web Gallery of Art]()