# Reliefs on the south side [View the canonical artwork record]() ## Artwork - Artist: [PISANO, Andrea]() - Date: 1301-1350 - Technique: Marble ## Commentary The foundation stone of the new campanile of Florence Cathedral was laid in April 1334. The lower third of the tower was built according to Giotto's plans, and the lower section of the socle and the first floor were carried out under his direction to 1337, but the remaining sections were built from 1337 to 1341 under Andrea Pisano \(the middle and upper levels completed by 1359, by Francesco Talenti\). According to the account of the contemporary Antonio Pucci, Andrea was dismissed after attempting to deviate from Giotto's plan, which suggests that he was not an architect. Both levels of the socle were decorated with reliefs, in a coherent iconographic programme. The lower register \(originally with the exception of the north side\) bore reliefs with three scenes from Genesis followed by the 'discoverers of the crafts' \(Ghiberti\), while cycles of the Planets, Virtues, the Liberal Arts, and the Seven Sacraments decorated the upper socle register. Directly above were sixteen life-size statues of Sibyls, David, Solomon, Moses, and Prophets in niches, eight of which were made in the 14th century. Giotto would have provided the designs for the sculptures \(except for the Sacrament reliefs\), apparently with the help of Andrea, but the Cathedral Works seem to have employed eight different sculptors, including Andrea and his son Nino, for their execution. The seven hexagonal panels in the lower register of the socle on the south side depict Gionitus, the inventor of Astronomy, the Art of Building, Medicine, Hunting, Wool-working, Phoroneus \(Legislation\), Daedalus \(flight\). They are attributed to Andrea Pisano, except Gionitus and the Art of Building to his workshop, and Medicine and Phoroneus to Nino Pisano. The diamond shaped elongated tiles in the upper register of the socle on the south side, each with a blue Majolica background, represent the three Theological and four Cardinal Virtues - Faith, Charity, Hope, Prudence, Justice, Temperance, Fortitude. They were executed by collaborators of Andrea Pisano. The reliefs representing Medicine and Phoroneus \(No. 3 and No. 6 in the lower register, respectively\) are <a onclick="return OpenOther\('/html/p/pisano1/nino/campanil/index.html'\)" href="/html/p/pisano1/nino/campanil/index.html">displayed in the section of Nino Pisano. ## Related artworks - [Campanile]() - [Christ]() - [Detail of the Campanile]() - [Equestrian relief of St Martin]() - [Equestrian relief of St Martin]() - [King Solomon]() - [Madonna with Child]() - [Nursing Madonna \(Madonna del Latte\)]() - [Nursing Madonna \(Madonna del Latte\)]() - [Portal on the east side \(lower register\)]() - [Relief from the south side of the Campanile: 1. Faith \(upper register\)]() - [Relief from the south side of the Campanile: 1. Gionitus, inventor of Astronomy \(lower register\)]() ## Attribution [Web Gallery of Art]()