# Reliefs on the east side [View the canonical artwork record]() ## Artwork - Artist: [PISANO, Andrea]() - Date: 1301-1350 - Technique: Marble ## Commentary When Giotto died in 1337, Andrea Pisano became capomaestro for the unfinished Campanile \(bell tower\) beside the Florence Cathedral. Andrea and his workshop produced a comprehensive program of over fifty marble relief sculptures divided into two registers around the building's four exterior walls. Hexagon-shaped panels carved from marble decorated the lower register, while the upper register displayed diamond-shaped marble panels complete with a blue maiolica background. The reliefs from the upper register on the east wall depict common medieval studies, the seven Liberal Arts: Astronomy, Music, Geometry, Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic, and Arithmetic. Each scene merges traditional Gothic elements \(geometric shapes, stiff drapery\) with classicism \(naturalistic bodies and postures\), similar to the panels originally placed below them depicting scenes of the human trades. Scholars believe that the use of ceramic and a blue and white colour scheme was a source of inspiration for Luca della Robbia, who used this aesthetic with his pioneering technique of glazed terracotta in the fifteenth century. The earlier reliefs from the lower register by Andrea Pisano's workshop depict human activities: Navigation, Social Justice, Agriculture, Theatre, and Architecture. Between Theatre and Architecture, the statues of three prophets above the small gate can be seen instead of two reliefs. Today, Andrea's reliefs are displayed at the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo and arranged in the order in which they were once displayed. The reliefs representing Theatre and Architecture \(No. 4 and No. 7 in the lower register, respectively\) are <a onclick="return OpenOther\('/html/p/pisano1/nino/campanil/index.html'\)" href="/html/p/pisano1/nino/campanil/index.html">displayed in the section of Nino Pisano. ## Related artworks - [Campanile]() - [Christ]() - [Detail of the Campanile]() - [Equestrian relief of St Martin]() - [Equestrian relief of St Martin]() - [King Solomon]() - [Madonna with Child]() - [Nursing Madonna \(Madonna del Latte\)]() - [Nursing Madonna \(Madonna del Latte\)]() - [Portal on the east side \(lower register\)]() - [Relief from the south side of the Campanile: 1. Faith \(upper register\)]() - [Relief from the south side of the Campanile: 1. Gionitus, inventor of Astronomy \(lower register\)]() ## Attribution [Web Gallery of Art]()