CHARLES, James

English painter. He had his initialGLOSSARYthe first letter of the text in medieval manuscripts and early printed books, made to stand out emphatically by its colour, size, and ornamentation. training at Hatherly's School of Art in London. In 1882 he began his studies at the Royal Academy in London and the Académie Julian in Paris. He was an exponent of plein-air paintingGLOSSARYIn contrast to painting in an atelier, this painting is done outdoors, under the sky, with the intention of realistically reproducing the natural features of a landscape, its atmosphere, and changes in light. Following the example set by English landscape painters such as Constable and Bonington, French painters, including members of the Barbizon School, began painting their pictures outdoors in the mid-19th century. The Impressionists made plein-air painting a fundamental principle of their painting., he painted atmospheric, naturalistic landscape and genreGLOSSARYIn a broad sense, the term is used to mean a particular branch or category of art; landscape and portraiture, for example, are genres of painting, and the essay and the short story are genres of literature. pictures. He worked mainly at his country estate of east Ashling House near Chichester. He had several stays on Capri.

Between 1875 and 1906 he took part regularly in exhibitions at the Royal Academy, between 1897 and 1905 he exhibited occasionally at the Paris SalonGLOSSARYIn the French language of the 18th and 19th centuries it designated an actual exhibition space, as well as the academic art exhibitions staged in the Salon d'Apollon of the Louvre since 1667. From 1737, the exhibitions took place biennially and, after the French Revolution, annually in the Salon Carré of the Louvre in Paris. Towards the end of the 19th century the official Salon jury was dissolved in order to make way for a committee of state-approved artists, i.e. former Salon members, who created the highly influential Société des Artistes Français.